// Example of some basic STL use
// Written by Adam Meadows for CS 141

// stl_example.cc

//include the libraries
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <set>

//declare what you're going to use
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::vector;
using std::string;
using std::set;


//main function
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{

   //first let's make some strings
   string s1("Hello");
   string s2 = "Goodbye";
   string s3 = s1 + s2;

   //now let's look at some cool operations we can use   
   //string addition
   cout << "String output:" << endl;
   cout << "s1 = " << s1 << endl;
   cout << "s2 = " << s2 << endl;
   cout << "s1 + s2 = " << s1 + s2<< endl;

   //size function (many more available - check online)
   cout << "size of s3 = " << s3.size() << endl;
   cout << endl << endl;	

	
   //now let's look at vectors
   vector<int> v1;	
   
   //adding to vector
   v1.push_back(2);
   v1.push_back(4);
   v1.push_back(1);
   v1.push_back(3);

   //here's a couple ways to loop through them
   cout << "Vector output:" << endl;
   cout << "Looping using v1[i]: " << endl;
   for(unsigned int i = 0; i < v1.size(); i++)
   {
      cout << "v1[" << i << "] = " << v1[i] << endl;      
   } //end of first for loop	
   cout << endl;

   //here's an example of using iterators
   cout << "Looping using an iterator:" << endl;
   vector<int>::iterator viter;
   for(viter = v1.begin(); viter != v1.end(); viter++)
   {
      cout << "next element = " << *viter << endl;      
   } //end of second for loop
   cout << endl;

   // clear function wipes out the vector
   cout << "Size before clear = " << v1.size() << endl;
   v1.clear();
   cout << "Size after clear = " << v1.size() << endl << endl;

   
   //now let's look at sets
   cout << endl;
   cout << "Set output:" << endl;
   set<int> set1; 

   //fill it w/ some stuff
   cout << "Insterting (2, 4, 1, 3) into set" << endl;
   set1.insert(2);
   set1.insert(4);
   set1.insert(1);
   set1.insert(3);
   cout << endl;

   //size function
   cout << "Size of set = " << set1.size() << endl << endl;

   //try to find an element
   cout << "Looking for 4 in set: ";
   if(set1.end() != set1.find(4))
      cout << "\tFound!" << endl;
   else
      cout << "\tNot Found!" << endl;
 
  cout << "Looking for 5 in set: ";
   if(set1.end() != set1.find(5))
      cout << "\tFound!" << endl;
   else
      cout << "\tNot Found!" << endl;
   cout << endl << endl;;

   //loop through it, just like w/ vector
   cout << "Looping through set:" << endl;
   set<int>::iterator siter;
   for(siter = set1.begin(); siter != set1.end(); siter++)
   {
      cout << "Next element = " << *siter << endl;
   } //end of set for loop
   cout << "Notice the elements are stored sorted" << endl << endl;

   return 0;
} // end of main function